Ubuntu, Live CD, ISO Remastering, SquashFS, Chroot, Customization, Linux Deployment 1. Introduction The ability to create a customized, ready-to-run Ubuntu Desktop ISO is critical for organizations requiring consistency, reduced setup time, and offline installation capabilities. While tools like systemback and Cubic exist, they often lag behind Ubuntu release cycles or introduce unnecessary complexity. This paper describes a low-level, scriptable method using standard Linux utilities ( squashfs-tools , xorriso , chroot ) to produce a fully functional custom ISO.
printf $(sudo du -sx --block-size=1 ~/iso_workspace/squashfs-root | cut -f1) \ | sudo tee ~/iso_workspace/extract-cd/casper/filesystem.size Regenerate the MD5 checksums: ubuntu desktop iso
mkdir -p ~/iso_workspace/original_iso sudo mount -o loop ubuntu-*.iso ~/iso_workspace/original_iso rsync -av ~/iso_workspace/original_iso/ ~/iso_workspace/extract-cd/ sudo umount ~/iso_workspace/original_iso The live filesystem resides in casper/filesystem.squashfs : This paper describes a low-level, scriptable method using
sudo unsquashfs -d ~/iso_workspace/squashfs-root \ ~/iso_workspace/extract-cd/casper/filesystem.squashfs Copy DNS resolution and mount virtual filesystems: This paper describes a low-level
sudo apt update sudo apt install -y squashfs-tools xorriso isolinux syslinux-utils \ grub-pc-bin grub-efi-amd64-bin mtools